Dislocated Hip (VD Projection)
Notice that in this view the head of the femur has moved cranial (forwards) to the socket (Acetabulum). This is the most common direction for dislocation due to the powerful muscles in front of the hip (Gluteal Muscles).
Dislocated Hip (Lateral Projection)
Notice that in this view we can see that the head of femur has moved dorsally (towards the spine) again this is the most common direction.
This problem may be seen in association with significant trauma such as Road Traffic Accidents, when it may accompany other injuries. It can also occur as an athletic injury as a result of playing with other dogs or result from a fall from a height. Non weight bearing and pain are defining characteristics with an odd appearance to the limb, often with the foot turned outwards or inwards.
Some of these can be reduced closed if they present within a couple of days of the injury. Often however the joint capsule inverts into the acetabulum and prevents reduction, or they may re luxate after closed reduction. In these cases, open reduction and stabilisation are mandatory for a good outcome.
Some surgeons like to use a suture "Toggle" method to maintain reduction. My preference in most patients is to use a Transarticular pin for four weeks. This allows the capsular repair to heal and then the pin can be removed. Success rates are very good with this technique.
If a Dysplastic Hip luxates, Total Hip Replacement may be the best option.